Obesity in the postmenopausal period is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular\ndiseases in women. One of the key drivers of cardiovascular risk is endothelial dysfunction; thus,\nthis is also a crucial point for studies on new therapeutic methods of cardioprotective properties.\nThe aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of two doses of multispecies probiotic EcologicR\nBarrier supplement on functional (primary endpoint) and biochemical parameters (secondary\nendpoint) of endothelial dysfunction in obese postmenopausal women in a 12-week randomized,\nplacebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 81 obese Caucasian women participated in the trial.\nThe subjects were randomly assigned to three groups that received a placebo, a low dose (LD)\n(2.5 Ã? 109 colony forming units (CFU) per day), or a high dose (HD) (1 Ã? 1010 CFU per day) of\nlyophilisate powder containing live multispecies probiotic bacteria. The probiotic supplement was\nadministered each day for 12 weeks in two equal portions. A high dose probiotic supplementation for\n12 weeks decreased systolic blood pressure, vascular endothelial growth factor, pulse wave analysis\nsystolic pressure, pulse wave analysis pulse pressure, pulse wave analysis augmentation index,\npulse wave velocity, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and thrombomodulin. Low doses of\nprobiotic supplementation decreased the systolic blood pressure and interleukin-6 levels. The mean\nchanges in the estimated parameters, compared among the three groups, revealed significant\ndifferences in the vascular endothelial growth factor, the pulse wave analysis systolic pressure,\nthe pulse wave analysis augmentation index, the pulse wave velocity, the tumor necrosis factor\nalpha, and thrombomodulin. The post hoc tests showed significant differences for all parameters\nbetween HD and the placebo group, and HD and LD (besides pulse wave analysis augmentation\nindex). We show for the first time that supplementation with multispecies probiotic EcologicR\nBarrier favorably modifies both functional and biochemical markers of vascular dysfunction in obese\npostmenopausal women.
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